At first conference after Uvalde shooting, Texas school police chiefs discuss how their profession is changing

Most officers attending the conference waved off questions about their reactions to the Uvalde shooting and instead wanted to talk about why they were in San Antonio this week. Most poured into a presentation by the FBI on active-shooter training that was closed to non-police officers.

But outside the meeting rooms, chiefs like Bill Avera were willing to talk about the evolution of school policing or about their own districts.

“The biggest benefit of coming to this conference is we meet other people that are in similar situations to us,” said Avera, 67, the police chief at Jacksonville ISD and a vice president for the school police chiefs’ group. “The time to exchange business cards is not during a crisis. I need to know who my partners are, and I need to know you before stuff hits the fan.”

Like a lot of school police chiefs, Avera has been in law enforcement for years — for him, 46 years. He’s done almost everything, from working dispatch to becoming a detective at the Jacksonville Police Department in East Texas.

But for the last six years, Avera’s been police chief at the school district in Jacksonville, which is about 20 miles south of Tyler. The school district and the town are about the same size as Uvalde, a fact not lost on Avera and other chiefs here this week.

“When you get up in the morning, you understand that … you might not come home,” he said.

In Texas, only 309 of its 1,200 school districts have police forces separate from their cities’ departments.

Avera said he was working for the Jacksonville police when the school district there hired its first police officer during the early 1980s. And since then, he’s seen how school district policing has changed.

“It became evident that the future of law enforcement in schools needed to be school-based, trained, specialized officers that understood mental health and human development,” he said.

After Columbine, things changed. School district police officers were asked to be in common areas inside schools rather than remaining in their cars or offices, waiting to be called. They were also being used too often as disciplinarians and were issuing citations, said David Kimberly, the outgoing Klein ISD police chief. Over the past 14 or so years, there has been an emphasis on finding some sort of happy medium between officers building relationships with students and having to enforce school rules and local laws.

“The pendulum swung too far,” Kimberly said of the time when officers were first used too often to discipline students. “Fast-forward to the mid 2000s, it started really swinging back, and [we’re] trying to find that very delicate balance.”

In Avera’s department, there are only four police officers, including himself, for eight campuses.

His budget? About $500,000. It’s enough to do what he needs to do, he said. But if he had an endless amount of cash, he’d hire enough officers to station them at each campus.

“‘What I would strengthen immediately?’ he asked aloud. “It would be additional bodies, manpower.”

Avera said he has the weapons needed to engage with a gunman attacking with an assault rifle. He just doesn’t have the officers. If he had a bigger budget, he would hire armed security, reinforce campus buildings and improve communication technology.

One thing Avera noted was that unlike in Uvalde, where police struggled to find a key to open a classroom door, both he and his officers carry two keys that open virtually any door in any Jacksonville ISD building.

If the Texas Legislature does anything, Avera hopes it provides more money for these small school police departments.

In Klein ISD where Kimberly works, there are more than 52,700 students and 52 buildings. The police department has 60 officers on staff and enough firepower to deal with almost any threat, he said. His department trains other police departments as well, and he said it is seen as a role model police force.

Kimberly said his department is fortunate to have a community and school board that back the officers and allows them to try new safety procedures. They come to the conference not only to learn from others but also to help others in their safety plans.

“I believe it to be a valuable training opportunity,” he said. “Not only the training but the opportunity to see some of the vendors, look at the technology that’s out there in a single place.”

More training doesn’t seem to be an issue; officers have been told since the 1999 Columbine shooting that they must engage a shooter immediately. But each situation is different and nuanced, Avera said.

Kimberly had similar thoughts, saying that there shouldn’t be any finger-pointing or trying to change things when investigations into what happened in Uvalde are still ongoing.

“Let’s find some good out of this,” he said. “If there were some things they did really well, let’s emulate it. If there’s some things that needed to be looked at or improved on, let’s flesh that out.”